Resolved: That the Japanese government should introduce a comprehensive system of national referendum. (Flowsheet)
( full text of the debate )

1AC	1NC	2AC	2NC/1NR	1AR	2NR	2AR
PLAN 1. Diet bills, one million voters 2. legally binding 3. adjustment, normal process
I. Harms. People cannot say no. A. want to participate B. cannot reflect C. democracy in danger	Indirect democracy OK 1. People’s opinions are reflected in national policies. Hashimoto resigned Obuchi  2. participation is low election & supreme court judges	1. just lucky cases 2. Obuchi carried out policies against the nation's will 3. better to give a direct way low because opinions are not reflected (Turn: voting will increase)	(1NR) 1. election works 2. politicians’ attitude is key; Obuchi is bottom-up 3. Okinawa & Tokushima referendum won’t change Swiss case	Does not work so unpopular policies people want referendum succeed in Switzerland	no serious problem Indirect is OK can reflect	many are not satisfied
II. Solution. Ref. saves. A. direct way to oppose B. policy makers respect	Aff. plan will not solve 1. lacks flexibility 2. lose interests 3. people will not say no supreme court judges difficult to collect 1 mil.	1.doesn’t say increase referendum 2.lack of flex no problem 3. no wrong decision	(1NR) increased in Switzerland decrease turnout difficult to collect	succeed in Switzerland contradictory	conditional	need a way to say no
	DA I. Bad decisions A. People's choice is bad. 1. lack ability 2. selfish	enough ability will learn not selfish	(2NC) not always capable needs advance knowledge Serious consequences e.g., Wiretap (If it were rejected, it would cause ...)	succeed in Switzerland net-benefit people's choice is right better to bear bad consequence	SQ indirect democracy is more balanced	comparatively better
	DA II. delay policies A. delays	turn around: quicker	(2NC) unpredictable 1. stock prices fall 2. depresses economy 3. suicides	Process will be smoother No example referendum depressed economy in other countries	must wait after passing the bill unpredictable	overall smoother

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Use signposts (numbering and labeling).

Try to extend (not repeat) arguments through rebuttals (New "arguments" are OK in rebuttals; what is prohibited is new constructive arguments, i.e., major arguments).

Use new evidence in 1st rebuttals (New evidence is OK in rebuttals).

Make a clear 2NC/1NR division.